بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِ
ٱلرَّحِيمِ
Surah Al Baqarah, which 286 verses descended on
Medina, was largely revealed at the beginning of the Hijrah year,
except verse 281 was revealed at Mina on the last
Hajji wadaa ' (the last hajji of Prophet Muhammad s. A.w.). All verses from
Surah Al Baqarah including Madaniyyah, are the longest Surah among the Surahs of the Qur'an in which there is also a fixed verse (
verse 282). This surah is named after Al Baqarah because it mentions the story of the slaughter of a female cow which was commanded by God to the Children of Israel (
verses 67 to 74), which explained the character of the Jews in general. Named Fusthaatul-Quran (the peak of the Qur'an) because it contains several laws which are not mentioned in other Surahs. Also, named Surah
alif-laam-miim because this Surah begins with
Alif-laam-miim.
The contents are:
1. Faith
Islamic Da'wah faced with Muslims, scribes and polytheists.
2. Laws
Orders praying; paying zakat; fasting law; the law of Hajj and Umrah; qishash law; things that are lawful and unclean; breathe in the way of God; the law of wine and gambling; how to care for orphans, the prohibition of usury; debts and receivables; living and who are entitled to receive it; wasiyat to two fathers and relatives; oath law; the obligation to deliver a mandate; magic; law damages mosques; the law changes the books of God; haidh law, 'iddah, thalak, khulu', ilaa 'and the law of milking; law applying, dowry, prohibition on marrying polytheistic women and vice versa; the law of war.
3. Stories
The story of the creation of Prophet Adam a. the story of Prophet Ibrahim a. the story of Prophet Musa a.s. with the Children of Israel.
4. And others
The characteristics of those who fear; the nature of hypocrites; the attributes of God; parables; Qibla, resurrection after death.
The conclusion of Surah Al Baqarah is:
1. Explain some laws in Islam.
2. Present several parables.
3. Propose hujjah-hujjah.
Correspondence with Surah Al Baqarah with Surah Ali 'Imran
1. In Surah Al Baqarah mentioned Prophet Adam a.s. which was directly created by God, while in Surah Ali 'Imran it was mentioned the birth of Prophet Isa AS. both of which are made by God is deviate from habit.
2. In the Surah Al Baqarah the nature and deeds of the Jews are widely spread, accompanied by a proof to break their judges who defend heresy, while in Surah Ali 'Imran the similar matters are related to the Christians.
3. Surah Al Baqarah begins by mentioning three groups of people, are believers, unbelievers, and hypocrites, while Surah Ali 'Imran begins by mentioning those who like to recite the verses mutasyabihaat with ta' wil is wrong to slander believers and mention people who have expertise in interpreting it.
4. Surah Al Baqarah was finished with a request to Allah to be forgiven for the mistakes and negligence in carrying out obedience, while Surah Ali 'Imrandisudah was with a request to Allah that He would rewards the good deeds of His servants.
5. Surah Al Baqarah begins by mentioning the characteristics of those who are cautious, while Surah Ali 'Imran begins with the command of taqwa